How to Convert Between HRC, Brinell, Vickers, and Leeb Hardness Scales
Portable hardness testers often display results in one scale — but buyers, inspectors, and engineers frequently need to convert those values across multiple systems. In this guide, we break down how to convert between Rockwell C (HRC), Brinell (HB), Vickers (HV), and Leeb (HLD) hardness units — and offer a free tool to help.
📊 Why Are There So Many Hardness Scales?
Different testing methods are optimized for different materials and use cases:
- HRC (Rockwell C) is widely used in heat-treated steels and QA reports.
- Brinell (HB) is common in heavy industries and forgings.
- Vickers (HV) is used for thin materials or small parts.
- Leeb (HLD) is used in portable testers for quick, non-destructive field testing.
Each scale is derived from different physical principles — making direct mathematical conversion impossible. Instead, standard tables (e.g., ASTM E140) provide reference-based equivalents.
🔁 Approximate Conversion Reference Table
| Input Scale | HRC | HB (Brinell) | HV (Vickers) | Leeb (HLD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 HRC | 230 | 250 | 270 | 400 |
| 40 HRC | 430 | 470 | 510 | 700 |
| 55 HRC | 580 | 600 | 640 | 920 |
⚠️ These are approximations only. Always refer to ASTM E140 or manufacturer data for certified conversions.
🧮 Use Our Free Conversion Calculator
Instead of memorizing or hunting for tables, use our interactive tool:
👉 Hardness Conversion Calculator
Simply:
- Choose your input scale
- Enter the known value
- Instantly see converted values in all major units
Tested by engineers, welders, and inspectors across Canada.
🛠️ Real-World Example: PHT-1700 Hardness Tester
Let’s say you’re using a Phase II PHT-1700 portable Leeb hardness tester in the field.
You take a reading of HLD 720 on a piece of heat-treated steel. The equivalent hardness values would be:
- Rockwell C (HRC): ~41
- Brinell (HB): ~480
- Vickers (HV): ~510
Now you can cross-reference these values with material specs or customer requirements.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use this calculator for aluminum or non-ferrous metals?
Yes — but be cautious. Many conversion references are tailored for steels. Always refer to material-specific charts for aluminum or softer metals.
Is the conversion calculator certified?
No — it provides approximate values based on public ASTM conversion guides. For certified testing, use calibrated equipment and official conversion charts.
What’s the most accurate scale?
Each scale has its purpose. For portable testing, Leeb (HLD) is most common. For lab-grade results, Rockwell or Vickers are preferred.
✅ Need a Certified Portable Hardness Tester?
Testavor is an official Canadian partner of Phase II, offering:
- Fast shipping across Canada
- Certified Leeb, UCI, and combo testers
- Calibration accessories and test blocks
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